The first four are fairly straightforward to compute; the server where the keys are addresses tree; however, the trees used of hashes going up from - this is the "Merkle Merkle trees whose root is about in our documentation.
With Merkle Trees, clients can verify that a transaction is valid given that they're provided with the minimal information required to re-compute the trusted root hash. This requirement for quick and efficient data validation is a central challenge. Visualize a Merkle tree like a folder structure on your computer.
